How Insurance Settlement Authority Works
Every insurance adjuster has a range of settlement authority for each claim. This is an internal dollar amount they are authorized to offer without supervisor approval. The initial offer is typically at or near the bottom of this range. When you reject it and counteroffer, the adjuster may need to seek additional authority from a supervisor or regional claims manager. Each escalation takes time but usually unlocks higher numbers. This is why negotiation is a multi-step process and why the first offer is almost never the final number the company is willing to pay.
Adjusters are evaluated on multiple metrics including claims closed per month, average settlement cost, and customer satisfaction scores. The incentive structure naturally pushes them toward closing claims quickly and cheaply. This does not make them dishonest, but it does mean their interests are structurally opposed to yours. Understanding this dynamic helps you evaluate offers more objectively rather than assuming the adjuster is looking out for your best interests.